Publication 1457 (5-2009) ACTUARIAL VALUATIONS VERSION 3A

ACTUARIAL TABLES ASSOCIATED WITH PUBLICATION 1457

Remainder, Income, and Annuity Examples For One Life, Two Lives, and Terms Certain.

For Use With Respect to Income, Estate, and Gift Tax Purposes, Including Valuation of Pooled Income Fund Remainder Interests.

ACTUARIAL TABLES ASSOCIATED WITH PUBLICATION 1457

The actuarial tables associated with this publication are as follows:

 Section     Table             Type of Factors

    1        Table S

           Single Life Factors

                               2-Life Last to Die Remainder Factors:

2-1      Table R(2)

        Interest From:

0.2 to 4.0

 Percent

2-2                                       4.2 to 8.0

 Percent

2-3                                       8.2 to 12.0

 Percent

2-4                                       12.2 to 16.0

 Percent

2-5                                       16.2 to 20.0

 Percent

3        Table B

           Term Certain Factors

4        Table H

           Commutation Factors

5        Table K

           Adjustment Factors

6        Table 2000CM

      Mortality Table

This publication sets forth examples for using actuarial factors for certain income, gift, and estate tax valuations of future interests. This publication does not contain the tables of actuarial factors used in these examples. The actuarial tables cited in the examples below can be found on the IRS website at the following address:

Website: http://www.irs.gov/retirement/article/0,,id=206601,00.html

The examples illustrate methods for using the factors in the associated tables for valuations, and for finding other factors not found directly in the tables. The examples in Part A show the use of last-to-die remainder factors in Table R(2), and show the method for finding last-to-die life estate and annuity factors. Part B and Part C examples illustrate the use of factors from the single life Table S and from the last-to-die Table R(2) to obtain factors for such time as one person survives another, and to obtain first-to-die factors. In Part D, commutation factors from Table H are used to find factors for one life and a term of years. Part E provides similar explanations to compute factors for two lives and term of years. Part F demonstrates the use of the remainder factors for pooled income funds.

The factors and tables associated with this publication involving life contingencies are derived from the values of lx taken from the Life Table for the Total Population appearing as Table 1, in "U.S. Decennial Life Tables for 1999-2001" published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics. Table 1 appears in the associated set of tables in Section 6, labeled as Table 2000CM.

ASSOCIATED TABLES ON THE WEB

In the IRS actuarial tables on the web associated with this publication and these examples, the factors in Sections 1 through 5 are based on interest rates ranging from 0.2 percent to 20.0 percent in intervals of 0.2 percent. The wide range of rates is shown pursuant to Section 7520 of the Internal Revenue Code, which requires the use of an interest rate of 120 percent of the annual mid-term applicable federal rate for the month in which the valuation date falls. All of the factors associated with this publication reflect annual compounding of interest.

Table S, Section 1, contains factors for the present worth of a life annuity, a life estate, and a remainder interest based on a single life.

Table R(2), Section 2, contains factors for the present worth of the remainder interest in $1.00 payable at the death of the last to die of two persons.

Table B, Section 3, contains factors for the present worth of an annuity, an income interest, and a remainder interest for a term certain.

Table H, Section 4, contains commutation tables for Dx, N^ox, and Mx.

Table K, Section 5, contains adjustment factors for annuities payable at the end of annual, semi-annual, quarterly, monthly, and weekly periods.

Table 2000CM, Section 6, is the underlying mortality table used to calculate factors involving life contingencies.

Historical Synopsis of Tables

         Period            Table      Interest Rate   Publications

 1-1-1951 to 12-31-1970    US1938     3.5%            11

 1-1-1971 to 11-30-1983    Table LN   6%              723, 723A, 723B

 12-1-1983 to 4-30-1989    Table CM   10%             723C, 723D, 723E

 5-1-1989 to 4-30-1989*    80CNSMT    §

 rates    1457, 1458, 1459

                                                      (5-1989 release)

 5-1-1999 to 4-30-2009     90CM       §

 rates    1457, 1458, 1459

                                                      (7-1999 release)

 5-1-2009 --               2000CM     §

 rates    1457, 1458, 1459

                                                      (5-2009 release)

 * On October 22, 1988, section

 was enacted, which prescribed the

 use of an interest rate equal to 120 percent of the midterm applicable

 federal rate, rounded to the nearest two tenths of a percent for

 actuarial computations.

 ======================================================================

A. Two Life Last-to-Die Factors

Example 1. Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of $1.00 due at the death of the last to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $0.37309. On page 220 in Table R(2) Section 2-2 will be found the older age 65 and the younger age 60. Across from those ages, under the column headed 4.2 % is the remainder factor 0.37309.

A life estate factor or an annuity factor for the same ages and interest rate can be computed using examples 2 and 3.

Example 2. Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of the right to receive the use of $1.00 until the death of the last to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $0.62691, determined as follows:

     Remainder Factor from Example 1 = 0.37309

                       Income Factor = 1.00000 - 0.37309

                                     = 0.62691

Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of an annuity of $1.00 per annum payable at the end of each year until the death of the last to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $14.9264, determined as follows:

     Income Factor from Example 2 = 0.62691

                   Annuity factor = 0.62691 ÷ 0.042

                                  = 14.9264

B. Income or Annuity Payable for Such Time as One Person Survives Another

Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of the right to receive the use of $1.00 for such time as a person aged 65 survives a person aged 60 is $0.07459 determined as follows:

                   Income Factor from Example 2 = 0.62691

   Single Life Income Factor from Table S(4.2),

                                         age 60 = 0.55232

                         Required Income Factor = 0.62691 - 0.55232

                                                = 0.07459

Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of an annuity of $1.00 per annum payable annually at for such time as a person aged 65 survives a person aged 60 is $1.7760 determined as follows:

           Joint and Survivor Annuity Factor from

                                        Example 3 = 14.9264

   Single Life Annuity Factor, age 60, From Table

                                           S(4.2) = 13.1504

                          Required Annuity Factor = 14.9264 - 13.1504

                                                  = 1.7760

C. First-to-Die Factors

Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of $1.00 due at the death of the first to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $0.58839, determined as follows:

 Single Life Remainder Factor, aged 60,

                      from Table S(4.2) = 0.44768

 Single Life Remainder Factor, aged 65,

                      from Table S(4.2) = 0.51377

    Joint and Survivor Remainder Factor

                         from Example 1 = 0.37309

              Required Remainder Factor = 0.44768 + 0.51377 - 0.37309

                                        = 0.58836

Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of the right to receive the use of $1.00 until the death of the first to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $0.41164, determined as follows:

   First-to-die Remainder Factor from Example 6 = 0.58836

                                  Income Factor = 1.00000 - 0.58836

                                                = 0.41164

Based on an interest rate of 4.2 percent, the present worth of an annuity of $1.00 per annum payable annually until the death of the first to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $9.8010, determined as follows:

   Income Factor from Example 7 = 0.41164

        Required Annuity Factor = 0.41164 ÷ .042

                                = 9.8010

D. Factors Involving One Life and a Term of Years

Based on an interest rate of 6.8 percent, the present worth of a temporary annuity of $1.00 per annum payable annually for 10 years or until the prior death of a person aged 60 is $6.6822, determined as follows:

                          Initial age = 60

                   plus Term of years = 10

                                      -----

                         Terminal age = 70

       N-factor, Table H(6.8), age 60 = 17431.19

 minus N-factor, Table H(6.8), age 70 = 6130.086

                                      -----------

                           Difference = 11301.104

       D-factor, Table H(6.8), age 60 = 1691.236

              Required Annuity Factor = 11301.104 ÷ 1691.236

                                      = 6.6822

Based on an interest rate of 6.8 percent, the present worth of $1.00 due at the death of a person aged 60 provided such death occurs within the first 10 years is $0.10336, determined as follows:

                          Initial age = 60

                   plus Term of years = 10

                                      -----

                         Terminal age = 70

       M-factor, Table H(6.8), age 60 = 505.9147

 minus M-factor, Table H(6.8), age 70 = 331.1154

                                      -----------

                           Difference = 174.7993

       D-factor, Table H(6.8), age 60 = 1691.236

            Required Remainder Factor = 174.7993 ÷ 1691.236

                                      = 0.10336

Based on an interest rate of 6.8 percent, the present worth of the right to receive the income from $1.00 for 10 years or until the prior death of a person aged 60 is $0.45439, determined as follows:

 Temporary Annuity Factor, Example 9 = 6.6822

              Required Income Factor = 6.6822 × .068

                                     = 0.45439

Based on an interest rate of 6.8 percent, the present worth of the right of a person aged 21, if living, to receive $1.00 upon attaining age 30 is $0.54953, determined as follows:

            D-factor, Table H(6.8), age 30 = 13582.48

 divided by D-factor, Table H(6.8), age 21 = 24761.63

                           Required Factor = 0.54853

The probability that a person age 21 will be alive at age 30 is 0.991611, determined as follows:

            lx value, Table 2000CM, page 693, age 30 = 97750

                      lx value, Table 2000CM, age 21 = 98577

                     Required probability = 97750 ÷ 98577

                                          = 0.991611

Based on an interest rate of 6.8 percent, the present worth of a temporary annuity of $1.00 per annum payable in equal monthly installments for 10 years or until the prior death of a person aged 60 is $6.8880, determined as follows:

                    Annuity factor from Example 9 = 6.6822

 Monthly Adjustment Factor, Table K, page 691, at

                                            6.8 % = 1.0308

                          Required annuity factor = 6.6822 × 1.0308

                                                  = 6.8880

E. Factors Involving Two lives and a Term of Years

Based on an interest rate of 6.8 percent, the present worth of the right to receive $1.00 at the end of 10 years provided at least one of two persons aged 60 and 65 alive is $0.50169, determined as follows:

              lx value, Table 2000CM, age 60 = 87595

                            lx value, age 70 = 74794

                            74794

                       1 - ------ = 0.146138

                            87595

              lx value, Table 2000CM, age 65 = 82224

                            lx value, age 75 = 64561

                          64561

                      1 - ------ = 0.214816

                          82224

 Remainder Factor, Table B(6.8),

                    10 year term = 0.517950

       Required Remainder Factor = (1 - 0.146138 × 0.214816) × 0.517950

                                 = 0.50169

F. Pooled Income Funds

Table R(2) may be used to obtain joint and survivor remainder factors for pooled income funds. The interest rate to be used and the find the remainder factor is the yearly rate of return for the fund as defined in I.R.S.

. If the yearly rate of return falls between two interest rates for which the factors are given in Table R(2), a linear interpolation must be made.

Example 16. Based on a yearly rate of return of 5.636 percent, the present worth of the remainder interest in a pooled income fund of $1.00 payable at the death of the last to die of two persons aged 60 and 65 is $0.27674 determined as follows:

       Remainder Factor, Table R(2), at 5.6 % = 0.27710

 minus Remainder Factor, Table R(2), at 5.8 % = 0.26590

                                              ---------

                                   Difference = 0.01120

                            5.636 % - 5.600 %      X

                           ------------------ = -------

                            5.800 % - 5.600 %   0.01120

                                            X = 0.00202

                    Remainder factor at 5.6 % = 0.27710

                                      minus X = 0.00202

                                              ---------

       Required Interpolated Remainder Factor = 0.27508