House Democratic Leaders Urge Ryan to Join Trump Return Efforts

In addition, multiple news outlets have reported that Trump "sought and received funding from Russian investors for his business ventures, especially after most American banks stopped lending to him following his multiple bankruptcies."

The Ranking Members' letter raises serious concerns about the lack of information about Trump's global business interests and financing.

For example, reports indicate that the Trump Soho project in Manhattan was "developed with the undisclosed involvement of convicted felons and financing from questionable sources in Russia and Kazakhstan" and that the project's former finance director alleged that they "occasionally received unexplained infusions of cash from accounts in Kazakhstan and Russia."

On December 14, 2016, top Republican and Democratic ethics experts appearing at a congressional forum made clear that if Trump refused to follow the same course as his predecessors, the responsibility would rest on Congress to obtain documents about his unprecedented global business entanglements in order to prevent unconstitutional emoluments.

Yesterday, the head of the Office of Government Ethics, Walter Shaub, warned that Trump's plan is "wholly inadequate."

Click here and see below to read today's letter:

President-Elect Donald Trump made a startling announcement yesterday that he will defy warnings from Republican and Democratic ethics experts by refusing to do what every previous president has done for decades -- to divest himself of his corporate ownership interests, liquidate his business assets, and place them in a truly blind trust operated by an independent entity.

As a result, it is now up to Congress to exercise our Constitutional duty to act as an independent check on the Executive Branch by demanding all documents necessary to evaluate all of President-Elect Trump's global financial entanglements for conflicts of interest and constitutional violations -- including in particular those involving Russian investors, business interests, and development partners.

We do not understand why President-Elect Trump has so vigorously defended Russian President Vladimir Putin and alleged sex offender Julian Assange while at the same time disparaging U.S. intelligence officials who warn that Russia attacked our democracy prior to the 2016 presidential election -- and is likely to do so again in the future.

We also do not understand why President-Elect Trump has been so secretive about his business dealings with Russian interests. He continues to refuse to produce his tax returns, which could shed some light on these business interests. Without this information, neither Congress nor the American people can fully understand the magnitude of his ties to Russia.

Although President-Elect Trump has denied having any business projects in Russia, he has not addressed investments and partnerships with Russians in other projects around the world. For example, Donald Trump Jr. -- who will run day-to-day business operations for his father's companies -- has stated: "Russians make up a pretty disproportionate cross-section of a lot of our assets. We see a lot of money pouring in from Russia."¹ He has also stated: "Russia is just a different world. It is a question of who knows who, whose brother is paying off who. . . . It really is a scary place."²

The Emoluments Clause of the U.S. Constitution prohibits the President from obtaining any benefit of any kind from foreign governments or other entities "without the consent of the Congress."³ The Founders charged Congress with conducting an independent review of the President's foreign business dealings and prohibiting any financial interests that could provide an "inlet to foreign corruption."⁴

As Members of the House of Representatives, we have sworn a solemn oath to uphold and defend the Constitution, which means exercising robust oversight of the Executive Branch regardless of the President's political party. To date, however, the House has done nothing to obtain specific documents about President-Elect Trump's vast global entanglements.

Multiple news outlets have reported that President-Elect Trump "sought and received funding from Russian investors for his business ventures, especially after most American banks stopped lending to him following his multiple bankruptcies."⁵ President-Elect Trump has boasted repeatedly about meeting with Russian financiers, stating after one trip to Moscow, "I have a great relationship with many Russians, and almost all of the oligarchs were in the room."⁶

It has been reported that Russian interests helped finance $50 million in President-Elect Trump's 46-story luxury condominium project in lower Manhattan known as Trump SoHo, which was reportedly "developed with the undisclosed involvement of convicted felons and financing from questionable sources in Russia and Kazakhstan."⁷

During a deposition related to this project, President-Elect Trump stated that he was first approached by a Russian immigrant named Felix Sater who joined a development company called Bayrock Group with offices in Trump Tower. According to the New York Times:

Mr. Sater was convicted and sent to prison in 1993 after a New York bar fight in which he stabbed a man in the face with a broken margarita glass. That was a matter of public record. However, what few people beyond insiders at Bayrock knew was that five years later, Mr. Sater was implicated in a huge stock manipulation scheme involving Mafia figures and Russian criminals -- and that he became a confidential F.B.I. informant.⁸

Mr. Sater personally joined President-Elect Trump for the official unveiling of Trump SoHo along with Tevfik Arif, a former Soviet-era official from Kazakhstan who founded Bayrock. Another development partner reportedly was Tamir Sapir from the former Soviet republic of Georgia.⁹

Bayrock's former finance director alleged that they "occasionally received unexplained infusions of cash from accounts in Kazakhstan and Russia." In addition, Alexander Mashkevich -- who was identified as a "strategic partner" in a Bayrock investor presentation -- was reportedly charged with corruption in a case involving fees paid by a Belgian company seeking business in Kazakhstan.¹⁰

Trump SoHo was not the only Trump development for which Bayrock reportedly helped secure Russian funding. President-Elect Trump stated in his deposition that he discussed with Mr. Arif "numerous deals all over the world." He said Mr. Arif brought Russian investors to meet with him and that "Bayrock knew the people, knew the investors, and in some cases I believe they were friends of Mr. Arif." He added that "this was going to be Trump International Hotel and Tower Moscow, Kiev, Istanbul, etc., Poland, Warsaw." Court records show that another Bayrock official, Salvatore Lauria -- who wore a court-ordered ankle monitor -- "brokered a $50 million investment in Trump SoHo and three other Bayrock projects by an Icelandic firm preferred by wealthy Russians 'in favor with' President Vladimir V. Putin."¹¹

Trump SoHo is one of many examples about which there is a serious lack of information about President-Elect Trump's business dealings with Russian interests.¹² Congress also has inadequate information about President-Elect Trump's top advisers and their unprecedented ties to Russian interests, including Paul Manafort,¹³ Carter Page,¹⁴ Michael Flynn,¹⁵ Rex Tillerson,¹⁶ Rick Gates,¹⁷ Richard Burt,¹⁸ Michael Caputo,¹⁹ and Wilbur Ross.²⁰

These experts also made clear that if President-Elect Trump chose not to follow this path, the responsibility would rest on Congress to obtain documents about President-Elect Trump's financial deals in order to prevent unconstitutional emoluments:

• New York University Ethics Professor Stephen Gillers, when asked whether Congress should obtain documents about President-Elect Trump's global business dealings, responded: "Absolutely." He added: "I think it is your duty. What you do with the information, you may disagree with each other, but getting the information I think is critical."

• Ambassador Norm Eisen, who previously served as counsel to President Obama, warned that Congress cannot fulfill its constitutional obligation without "the plethora of forms that indicate foreign entanglements." He added: "This body . . . needs to exercise its oversight authority. I hope that will be in a bipartisan way."

• Richard Painter, President George W. Bush's chief ethics counsel, wholeheartedly agreed and pressed Congress "to make it clear to the President that this body expects him to comply with the Constitution." He urged Congress to require President-Elect Trump to explain, "this is what I'm getting in terms of income, this is what I owe to people in Russia -- directly or indirectly," regardless of whether these dealings are "at the corporate level or at the personal level." He stated that Congress "should see his tax returns just like every other President."

Sincerely,

Rep. Nita M. Lowey, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Appropriations

Rep. Adam Smith, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Armed Services

Rep. John Yarmuth, Ranking Member of the House Committee on the Budget

Rep. Robert C. "Bobby" Scott, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce

Rep. Frank Pallone, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce

Rep. Linda T. Sánchez, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Ethics

Rep. Maxine Waters, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Financial Services

Rep. Eliot L. Engel, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs

Rep. Bennie G. Thompson, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Homeland Security

Rep. Robert Brady, Ranking Member of the Committee on House Administration

Rep. John Conyers Jr., Ranking Member of the House Committee on the Judiciary

Rep. Raúl M. Grijalva, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Natural Resources

Rep. Elijah E. Cummings, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

Rep. Louise McIntosh Slaughter, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Rules

Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology

Rep. Nydia M. Velázquez, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Small Business

Rep. Peter DeFazio, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure

Rep. Tim Walz, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Veterans Affairs

Rep. Richard Neal, Ranking Member of the House Committee on Ways and Means

Rep. Adam Schiff, Ranking Member of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence

Rep. Carolyn Maloney, Ranking Member of the Joint Economic Committee

²Trump's Financial Ties to Russia and His Unusual Flattery of Vladimir Putin, Washington Post (June 17, 2016) (online at www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-trumps-financial-ties-to-russia-and-his-unusual-flattery-of-vladimir-putin/2016/06/17/dbdcaac8-31a6-11e6-8ff7-7b6c1998b7a0_story.html?utm_term=.2ded7b8ffbac).

³ U.S. Const. art. I, § 9, cl. 8.

⁴ Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 22, New York Packet (Dec. 14, 1787) (online at www.constitution.org/fed/federa22.htm).

⁵ Max Boot, Trump's Opposition Research Firm: Russia's Intelligence Agencies, Los Angeles Times (July 25, 2016) (online at www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-boot-trump-russian-connection-20160725-snap-story.html). See also Donald Trump Isn't a Manchurian Candidate, Slate (July 27, 2016) (online at www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2016/07/donald_trump_isn_t_a_manchurian_candidate_trump_and_putin_are_using_each.html).

⁶Hotel Trio Aims to Bring Manhattan to Moscow, Real Estate Weekly (Nov. 12, 2013) (online at http://rew-online.com/2013/11/12/hotel-trio-aims-to-bring-manhattan-to-moscow); Donald Trump's Many, Many, Many Ties to Russia, Time (Aug. 2, 2016) (online at http://time.com/4433880/donald-trump-ties-to-russia/).

⁷Donald Trump Settled a Real Estate Lawsuit, and a Criminal Case Was Closed, New York Times (Apr. 5, 2016) (online at www.nytimes.com/2016/04/06/us/politics/donald-trump-soho-settlement.html?_r=0).

⁸Id.

⁹Id.

¹⁰Id.

¹¹Id.

¹²See, e.g., Inside Trump's Financial Ties to Russia and His Unusual Flattery of Vladimir Putin, Washington Post (June 17, 2016) (online at www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-trumps-financial-ties-to-russia-and-his-unusual-flattery-of-vladimir-putin/2016/06/17/dbdcaac8-31a6-11e6-8ff7-7b6c1998b7a0_story.html?utm_term=.2ded7b8ffbac) (referencing Miss Universe Pageant in Moscow, Russian clients for Trump Panama development, efforts to build Trump Tower Moscow, among others).

¹³FBI Making Inquiry Into Ex-Trump Campaign Manager's Foreign Ties, NBC News (Nov. 1, 2016) (online at www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/fbi-making-inquiry-ex-trump-campaign-manager-s-foreign-ties-n675881).

¹⁴Carter Page, Ex-Trump Adviser With Russian Ties, Visits Moscow, New York Times (Dec. 8, 2016) (online at www.nytimes.com/2016/12/08/world/europe/carter-page-donald-trump-moscow-russia.html?_r=0).

¹⁵Trump Adviser Michael T. Flynn on His Dinner With Putin and Why Russia Today is Just Like CNN, Washington Post (Aug. 15, 2016) (online at www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2016/08/15/trump-adviser-michael-t-flynn-on-his-dinner-with-putin-and-why-russia-today-is-just-like-cnn/?utm_term=.bc7c585ad1eb).

¹⁶Behind the Deep Ties Between Exxon's Rex Tillerson and Russia, CNN Money (Dec. 11, 2016)(online at http://money.cnn.com/2016/12/11/investing/rex-tillerson-exxon-russia-putin/).

¹⁷Trump and Russia: All the Mogul's Men; Why Do So Many of Trump's Campaign Staffers Have Dodgy Ties to Russian Energy Companies or Russia State Clients?, Daily Beast (Nov. 7, 2016) (online at www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/11/07/trump-and-russia-all-the-mogul-s-men.html).

¹⁸Lobbyist Advised Trump Campaign While Promoting Russian Pipeline, Politico (Oct. 7, 2016) (online at www.politico.com/story/2016/10/donald-trump-campaign-lobbyist-russian-pipeline-229264).

¹⁹How Vladimir Putin is Using Donald Trump to Advance Russia's Goals, Newsweek (Aug. 29, 2016) (online at www.newsweek.com/2016/09/09/vladimir-putin-donald-trump-493946.html).

²⁰Here's Another Trump Cabinet Pick With Close Financial Ties to Russians; Wilbur Ross Joined With a Russian Oligarch and a Former KGB Official to Run a Troubled Bank in Cyprus, Mother Jones (Dec. 19,2016) (online at www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/12/trump-commerce-pick-wilbur-ross-financial-ties-russians).

²¹ House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Minority Forum on Bipartisan Ethics Experts on Trump's Conflicts of Interest (Dec. 14, 2016).

²² Letter from Ranking Member Elijah E. Cummings to Chairman Jason Chaffetz, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (Nov. 14, 2016) (online at https://democrats-oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/documents/2016-11-14.EEC%20to%20JC%20(003).pdf).

²³ Letter from Ranking Member Elijah E. Cummings et al. to Chairman Jason Chaffetz, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (Nov. 28, 2016) (online at https://democrats-oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/documents/2016-11-28.EEC%20et%20al%20to%20Chaffetz%20re%20Trump%20Conflict%20of%20Interests_1.pdf).

²⁴House Republicans Are Already Preparing for 'Years' of Investigations of Clinton, Washington Post (Oct. 26, 2016) (online at www.washingtonpost.com/politics/house-republicans-are-already-preparing-for-years-of-investigations-of-clinton/2016/10/26/e153a714-9ac3-11e6-9980-50913d68eacb_story.html?utm_term=.9477640b3f2c). Chaffetz: Clinton Email Probe to Continue 'Full Throttle,' Washington Examiner (Jan. 9, 2017) (online at www.washingtonexaminer.com/chaffetz-clinton-email-probe-to-continue-full-throttle/article/2611300).